Winter in Canada can be harsh, bringing frigid temperatures, snow, ice, and the potential for costly repairs if a home isn’t prepared. Taking preventative measures now can save thousands on repairs and cut winter heating costs significantly. Here’s an in-depth guide with actionable steps and cost-saving strategies to prepare your home for winter.

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1. Gutter Cleaning & Maintenance

Clogged gutters can lead to ice dams, water damage, and foundation issues. Ice dams alone cause over $1 billion in damages annually in Canada.

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How to winterize

• Clean gutters: Remove leaves, twigs, and debris to prevent ice buildup. A professional cleaning typically costs around $150 to $350, depending on home size and location.
• Check downspouts: Ensure downspouts are directed at least 3 feet away from your foundation. This reduces the risk of flooding and foundation damage.
• Protect gutters from ice dams: Installing heat cables can prevent ice dams, which cost an average of $1,000 to $5,000 to repair​.

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2. Roof Inspection and Preparation

A damaged roof can result in water leaks, mold, and ice dams. In Canada, 32% of insurance claims are related to roof damage, often due to winter weather.

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How to winterize

• Inspect for damage: Check for missing, cracked, or loose shingles. Replacing shingles costs about $200 to $500 per square (10x10 ft section).
• Ensure proper insulation and ventilation: Poor insulation can cause snow to melt unevenly, leading to ice dams. Adding insulation to your attic can prevent heat loss, saving up to 30% on heating costs​.
• Install heat cables: This can cost between $300 to $800 but can prevent the costly damage caused by ice dams.

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3. Winterizing Pipes and Sprinkler Systems

Frozen pipes burst and cause extensive damage, with repairs often costing $1,000 to $5,000 depending on the severity.

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How to winterize

• Shut off exterior water supply: Disconnect hoses and turn off water valves for outdoor faucets. Drain water from sprinkler systems to prevent freezing. Professional winterization services range from $75 to $150.
• Insulate exposed pipes: Use foam pipe insulation, which costs about $0.50 to $2 per linear foot. For outdoor pipes, use pipe covers for added protection​.

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4. Furnace and HVAC System Maintenance

Furnaces are responsible for 50-60% of a home’s winter energy use. Poorly maintained systems are 10-25% less efficient and lead to higher energy bills.

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How to winterize

• Change the air filter: A clean filter ensures proper airflow. Filters range from $5 to $50, depending on the type and size.
• Schedule a professional inspection: A typical furnace tune-up costs $100 to $200. This will improve efficiency and extend the furnace’s lifespan by up to 5 years​.
• Clear vents and check thermostat: Make sure all vents are unobstructed, and ensure your thermostat is working properly to save on heating costs.

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5. Chimney and Fireplace Cleaning

Creosote buildup in chimneys causes over 20,000 chimney fires annually in Canada. A clean chimney reduces fire hazards and ensures better efficiency when using the fireplace.

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How to winterize

• Hire a chimney sweep: Cleaning your chimney costs $150 to $300. This removes soot and debris that can cause dangerous blockages and fires.
• Check the damper: Ensure it’s sealed tightly to prevent drafts. A faulty damper can increase heating costs by up to 10%.

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6. Sealing Windows and Doors

Sealing leaks around doors and windows can save up to 25% on heating costs by preventing heat loss.

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How to winterize

• Check for drafts: Use a candle to detect leaks around windows and doors. Apply weatherstripping or caulking, which costs about $5 to $15 per window.
• Install window film: This can reduce heat loss by 25-30%, with kits costing around $10 to $30 per window​.
• Use door sweeps: A door sweep costs approximately $10 to $20 and helps to seal the bottom of exterior doors, preventing cold drafts.

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7. Preparing for Snow and Ice Removal

Neglecting snow and ice removal can lead to slip-and-fall accidents, costing Canadians millions of dollars in insurance claims annually.

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How to winterize

• Check snow removal equipment: Make sure your snow blower is in working condition. A basic snow blower costs around $200 to $700, and maintenance may cost $50 to $150.
• Stock up on de-icer and sand: Salt typically costs $5 to $20 per 25 kg bag. For walkways, sand is a cheaper alternative for added traction​.
• Hire a snow removal service: If you prefer professional snow removal, services can range from $25 to $75 per visit, depending on the size of your property.

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8. Emergency Preparedness Kit

Winter storms in Canada can cause power outages that can last for days, and being prepared can prevent unnecessary hardship.

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How to winterize

• Build an emergency kit: Ensure you have blankets, batteries, bottled water, a first-aid kit, and non-perishable food. Basic kits cost $50 to $200, but you can assemble one yourself for as little as $30.
• Keep extra fuel for generators: If you rely on a generator, ensure you have enough fuel to last through at least 72 hours. Fuel typically costs $5 to $10 per gallon​.

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By following this comprehensive winterization checklist, you’ll protect your home from the worst of what Canadian winters throw at it. From preventing ice dams to improving furnace efficiency, each step not only keeps your home safe and comfortable but also saves you money on repairs and heating bills. Take the time now to prepare your home, and you’ll be ready for anything winter brings!